Chapter 06

Evidence

Every scientific statement needs a source. Every source needs a boundary. Every product inference needs an applicability decision.

This first record set contains 9 reviewed sources, 10 approved claim records, and 8 manufacturer-supplied product records. It is a foundation, not a claim that the literature search is complete.

Three independent questions

The classification fields are not collapsed into a single score. A well-established physiological mechanism can still have no direct product evidence.

Statement type

What kind of statement is being made?

Established Physiology
Research Interpretation
BHVD Conceptual Model
Subjective Experience
Product Fact

Evidence confidence

How strong is the supporting evidence?

High
Moderate
Preliminary
No Direct Evidence
Unverified

Ice Sack applicability

Does the evidence apply to this delivery system?

Direct Product Evidence
Mechanistically Relevant
Indirect Analogy
Not Applicable
Unknown

Known, inferred, and untested

Category creation requires separating observed physiology from interpretation and future research questions. These positions should not collapse into one confidence score.

Cutaneous cold is detected through peripheral sensory pathways.

Established Physiology

Established physiology. The source ledger includes the foundational TRPM8 record and its limitations.

Evidence drawer example

Read the claim, then inspect its boundary.

Whole-body skin-surface cooling can increase arterial pressure and reduce peripheral and visceral vascular conductance without necessarily changing heart rate.

Primary records

Source ledger

9 records · Reviewed 2026-08-01

2007Skin-surface cooling elicits peripheral and visceral vasoconstriction in humansJournal of Applied Physiology · PMID 17673561 2002A TRP channel that senses cold stimuli and mentholCell · PMID 11893340 2015Knowing your own heart: distinguishing interoceptive accuracy from interoceptive awarenessBiological Psychology · PMID 25451381 2019Classifying individual differences in interoception: Implications for the measurement of interoceptive awarenessPsychonomic Bulletin & Review · PMID 31270764 2018Interoception and Mental Health: A RoadmapBiological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · PMID 29884281 2024Influence of Respiratory Frequency of Slow-Paced Breathing on Vagally-Mediated Heart Rate VariabilityApplied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · PMID 38063977 2024The effects of cold exposure on cardiovascular and cardiac autonomic control responses in healthy individuals: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regressionJournal of Thermal Biology · PMID 38663342 2010Cooling vests with phase change material packs: the effects of temperature gradient, mass, and covering areaErgonomics · PMID 20432090 1998Habituation of the initial responses to cold water immersion in humans: a central or peripheral mechanism?The Journal of Physiology · PMID 9763650

Public wording

Claim ledger

View complete ledger

Established PhysiologyTRPM8 is a cold- and menthol-activated ion channel expressed in a subset of sensory neurons and contributes to somatic cold detection.High confidence · Mechanistically Relevant Research InterpretationWhole-body skin-surface cooling can increase arterial pressure and reduce peripheral and visceral vascular conductance without necessarily changing heart rate.Moderate confidence · Indirect Analogy Research InterpretationHeart-rate, blood-pressure, and cardiac-autonomic responses to cold exposure vary with the cooling method, exposure conditions, timing, and participant characteristics.Moderate confidence · Indirect Analogy Research InterpretationCold-delivery methods differ in medium, contact, coverage, temperature profile, and heat-transfer conditions; results from one method should not be assumed to transfer directly to another.High confidence · Mechanistically Relevant Research InterpretationInteroceptive performance, self-reported interoceptive beliefs, attention, and metacognitive correspondence are related but distinct constructs.High confidence · Not Applicable Research InterpretationBrief slow-paced breathing can alter heart-rate variability measures associated with cardiac vagal modulation under controlled conditions.Moderate confidence · Indirect Analogy

Separate from scientific claims

Product fact records

These records describe the published Origin Edition configuration. Their current status is manufacturer supplied and pending completion of the underlying public measurement documentation.

System: Dry cold containment; Manufacturer supplied
Materials: Hex-grid phase-change material cold core; Manufacturer supplied
Protocol: Nine minutes. Entry, Load, Peak.; Manufacturer supplied
Use: Freeze fully for five hours before use.; Manufacturer supplied
Thermal: Rated for 15+ minutes of cold reserve at room temperature under defined BHVD test conditions.; Manufacturer supplied
Dimensions: Approximate weight: 9.5 lb.; Manufacturer supplied
Dimensions: Approximate packed size: 15 × 10 × 5.5 in.; Manufacturer supplied
Fit: Published fit: most body types up to 6 ft 4 in.; Manufacturer supplied